Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Eudicots: Core Eudicots: Asterids: Lamiids: Lamiales
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Verbena hastata
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
Go to FSUS key
Dig deeper at SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria.
Read more about Blue Vervain at Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena hastata
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Verbena hastata
INCLUDING Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena hastata var. hastata
INCLUDING Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena hastata var. scabra
SYNONYMOUS WITH Aquatic & Wetland Plants of Southeastern US (Godfrey & Wooten, 1979 & 1981)
Verbena hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-008:
Verbena hastata FAMILY Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena hastata
COMMON NAME:
Blue Vervain, Common Vervain, Simpler's-joy
To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.
)
USDA Forest Service / A Guide to Medicinal Plants of Appalachia. 1969 mpa_page_267
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913 pnd_veha2_001_lvd
)
USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA Wetland flora: Field office illustrated guide pnd_veha2_010_lvd
)
JK Marlow jkm170914_0515
September Henderson County NC
Leaves lanceolate to lance-ovate, coarsely doubly serrate, definitely petioled, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
)
JK Marlow jkm170914_0531
September Henderson County NC
Typically the spikes are stiffly erect; perhaps these suffered herbicide damage?
)
JK Marlow jkm170914_0535
September Henderson County NC
Flowers and fruits distinctly overlapping in the upper part of the spikes, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Verbena hastata
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Verbena hastata
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Verbena hastata
INCLUDING
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena hastata var. hastata
INCLUDING
Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Verbena hastata var. scabra
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Aquatic & Wetland Plants of Southeastern US (Godfrey & Wooten, 1979 & 1981)
Verbena hastata
SYNONYMOUS WITH
VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 162-01-008:
Verbena hastata
FAMILY
Verbenaceae
SYNONYMOUS WITH
Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Verbena hastata
1597
Forb
Perennial
Habitat: fens, marshes, bogs, meadows, calcareous spring marshes, riverbanks, low fields, per Weakley's Flora
Native to North Carolina (introduced southward)
Uncommon in NC Mountains (rare elsewhere in NC) (waifs in GA & SC)
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.
LEAVES:
Simple
Opposite
Leaves have petioles.
FLOWER:
Summer/Fall
Blue/Violet
5-lobed calyx
5-lobed salverform corolla
4 stamens, attached to corolla tube
Superior ovary
FRUIT:
Summer/Fall
Brown
Schizocarp of mericarps
TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!
- All About South Carolina Wildflowers (Midgley, 1999) p277
- Native Alternatives to Invasive Plants p177
- Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977) p282
- Wildflowers of the Atlantic Southeast (Cotterman, Waitt, & Weakley, 2019) p429
- Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005) p215
- Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005) p254
- Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998) p138
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