OF THE CAROLINAS & GEORGIA

Spermatophytes (seed plants): Angiosperms (flowering plants): Monocots: Alismatales

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Arisaema triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae   Go to FSUS key



SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)

Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum

INCLUDED WITHIN Flora of North America

Arisaema triphyllum

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)

Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum

SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist,1991)

Arisaema triphyllum var. triphyllum

INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 032-05-002:

Arisaema triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)

Arisaema atrorubens

SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)

Arisaema triphyllum

 

COMMON NAME:
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip


         To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails.

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

USDA Forest Service / A Guide to Medicinal Plants of Appalachia. 1969    mpa_page_063

        

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913    pnd_artrt3_001_lvd

        

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm200321_3291

March    Polk County    NC

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230320_1702

March    Greenville County    SC

Chestnut Ridge Heritage Preserve

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Alan S. Weakley    asw_183837680753463

April        SC

Jocassee Gorges

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Alan S. Weakley    asw_3431876240383404

April    Orange County    NC

North Carolina Botanical Garden

Leaves pale whitish-green beneath at maturity (vs A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, pusillum), per Weakley's Flora (2023).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Alan S. Weakley    asw_686967943429840

April    Orange County    NC

North Carolina Botanical Garden

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Ben Geer Keys    bgk124_c

April        

Spathe flange much wider than in A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, or pusillum, per Weakley's Flora.

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm200411_3674

April    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm200418_3943

April    Greenville County    SC

Ashmore Heritage Preserve

Spathe hood underside purple or green with white stripes reaching well above the spadix, per Weakley's Flora (2023).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm200418_3947

April    Greenville County    SC

Ashmore Heritage Preserve

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm220421_7086

April    Pickens County    SC

Nine Times Preserve

What's with the wavy edge?

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230428_2817

April    Greenville County    SC

Mountain Bridge Wilderness

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230428_2818

April    Greenville County    SC

Mountain Bridge Wilderness

A. triphyllum expresses two color morphs: a purple-spathed variant and...

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230428_2820

April    Greenville County    SC

Mountain Bridge Wilderness

...a green-spathed variant - both commonly occurring within the same population, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230428_2821

April    Greenville County    SC

Mountain Bridge Wilderness

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Keith Bradley    kab_a_triphyllum_03089

April    Greenville County    SC

Caesars Head State Park

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Richard and Teresa Ware    rtw_a_triphyllum_tri

April        

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm0305s_21

May    Haywood County    NC

Corneille Bryan Native Garden

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm0305z_10

May    Rutherford County    NC

Chimney Rock Park

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm0305z_11

May    Rutherford County    NC

Chimney Rock Park

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm160502_057

May    Macon County    NC

A plant that can change gender from one year to the next [here female], per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm220517_7833

May    Greenville County    SC

Blackwell Heritage Preserve

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Teri Nye    nye_1378_web

May    Macon County    NC

Spathe hides the tiny flowers at spadix base (male on left, female on right).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Teri Nye    nye_1456

May    Macon County    NC

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Ben Geer Keys    bgk124_b

May?        

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm190618_9286

June    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

Arisaema's leaflets are pinnately veined; Trillium leaves are parallel-veined.

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm190618_9287

June    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

The inflorescence is overtopped and often hidden by the 1-2 leaves, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm230619_4116

June    Greenville County    SC

Blackwell Heritage Preserve

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Patrick D. McMillan    pdma_triphyllum

June    Somerset County    ME

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Ben Geer Keys    bgk124_a

July        

In cultivation

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm060704_004

July    Pickens County    SC

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm160707_219

July    Spartanburg County    SC

Chinquapin Greenway

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm200703_6351

July    Greenville County    SC

Tall Pines Wildlife Management Area

Normally a pair of leaves, each palmately divided into thirds, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Tim Spira    tps_atriphyllum

July        

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm160818_621

August    Polk County    NC

Pearson's Falls

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm080924_121

September    Haywood County    NC

Blue Ridge Parkway

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

JK Marlow    jkm210907_3576

September    Greenville County    SC

Blackwell Heritage Preserve

image of Arisaema triphyllum, Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip

Tim Spira    tps_atriphyllum_frts

October        

The bright red berries are found clustered at base of the spadix in autumn, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).

 

 

WEAKLEY'S FLORA OF THE SOUTHEASTERN US (4/14/23):
Arisaema triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH PLANTS NATIONAL DATABASE:
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America. BONAP (Kartesz, 2021)
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum

INCLUDED WITHIN Flora of North America
Arisaema triphyllum

SYNONYMOUS WITH Floristic Synthesis of North America (Kartesz, 1999)
Arisaema triphyllum ssp. triphyllum

SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist,1991)
Arisaema triphyllum var. triphyllum

INCLUDED WITHIN VASCULAR FLORA OF THE CAROLINAS (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968) 032-05-002:
Arisaema triphyllum   FAMILY Araceae

SYNONYMOUS WITH Gray's Manual of Botany (Fernald, 1950)
Arisaema atrorubens

SYNONYMOUS WITH Manual of the Southeastern Flora (Small, 1933, 1938)
Arisaema triphyllum

 

Find by SCIENTIFIC NAME:

124

Forb
Perennial
Reversibly dioecious, or monoecious

Habitat: Mesic forests, bottomlands, per Weakley's Flora

Native to the Carolinas & Georgia

Common

map
CLICK HERE to see a map, notes, and images from Weakley's Flora of the Southeastern US.

Click here to see a map showing all occurrences known to SERNEC, a consortium of southeastern herbaria. (Zoom in to see more detail.)

LEAVES:
Palmately compound: 3 leaflets
Basal

FLOWER:
Spring
Spathe hood underside purple or green with white stripes reaching well above spadix

Inflorescence a spadix (clavate and blunt, included in the spathe)

FRUIT:
Summer
Red
Berry

 

TO LEARN MORE about this plant, look it up in a good book!



 


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